Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes mellitus type 2-related chronic kidney disease from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2040.
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42483370.
- Also identified by DOI 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_218_26 and PMC identifier 13387712.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-SA.
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the global, regional, and national burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2040. The prevalence, death, and corresponding age-standardized rates were assessed on the basis of the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, and future trends up to 2040 were determined using the autoregressive integrated moving average model. In 2021, T2DM-CKD caused 107,559,955 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 99,170,797 to 115,994,732) prevalence cases and 477,273 (95% UI: 401,541 to 565,951) deaths globally. The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) were 1259.6 (95% UI: 1162 to 1359.9) and 5.7 (95% UI: 4.8 to 6.8), respectively. The highest ASPRs and ASDRs were observed in Southeast Asia (1739.3, 95% UI: 1595.7 to 1883.9) and Andean Latin America (14.9, 95% UI: 11.5 to 19.2), respectively. Mauritius (1884.2, 95% UI: 1644.5 to 2141.8) and American Samoa (51.9, 95% UI: 40 to 64.7) had the highest ASPR and ASDR, respectively. Overall, the ASPRs (1.11-fold) and ASDRs (1.37-fold) were higher in men than in women in 2021, particularly in the 65-69 age bracket. By 2040, 122,873,316 prevalences and 699,043 deaths are projected to increase by 14.24% and 46.47%, respectively, relative to 2021. Globally, T2DM-CKD poses a considerable disease burden but is preventable and treatable. Thus, it should be considered in global health policies, particularly for older populations and in low- and middle-sociodemographic index regions.