Understanding barriers and motivators for fruit and vegetable intake in female stroke survivors: a qualitative study.

Abstract

PURPOSE: Adequate fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is the foundation of a healthy diet; however, intake is especially low among stroke survivors. This study explores barriers and motivators to FV intake in female stroke survivors and informs strategies to improve well-being. METHODS: Female stroke survivors completed questionnaires and attended either a focus group or an interview, with the resulting transcripts analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Ten female stroke survivors aged (mean [SD]) 66.3 [17.1] years completed the study. Across the focus groups (n = 3) and interviews (n = 2), three themes emerged: (1) "Navigating alone," reported that survivors felt left to fend for themselves for dietary support and education. (2) "If it's good for me" identified a willingness to improve FV intake and nutrition literacy. (3) "Make it easy" highlighted the need for compensatory strategies to raise FV intake. Barriers to FV intake included physical impairments, fatigue, and memory loss. These barriers impacted food shopping, preparation, and consumption, necessitating reliance on family and compensatory strategies. Motivators included education, simplified recipes, reminders, and pre-prepared options. CONCLUSION: Female stroke survivors wanted more dietary education, FV knowledge, support, and practical stroke-appropriate resources. Incorporating these findings into rehabilitation planning may improve the well-being of female stroke survivors.