Long-term Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Study.

Abstract

Long-term efficacy and safety of upadacitinib for alopecia areata is unknown in real-world practice. To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in a real-world setting and to explore the predictive factors that may influence the treatment response. A retrospective study was conducted on 30 patients continuously taking upadacitinib for at least 12 months. The disease severity was evaluated at baseline and every 3 months. Adverse events occurred during treatment were systematically recorded. A total of 30 patients were included (73.33% female; 36.67% with atopic background; 7 children, 6 adolescents and 17 adult). The primary end points were the SALT₅₀, SALT₇₅, and SALT₉₀ response rates at months 12, which were 90.0%, 80.0%, and 56.67% respectively, and showed an upward trend over time. The SALT score improvement of patients with atopic background was better than those without atopic background in the early stage of treatment. No serious adverse events were reported throughout the study period. Single-center, retrospective study and relatively small sample size. Long-term treatment of alopecia areata with upadacitinib has significant efficacy and favorable safety in real-world setting. Patients with atopic background are more likely to achieve the efficacy target in the early stage.