Breaking the Energy Storage Trade-off in Antiferroelectrics via Bi<sup>3+</sup>-Driven Atomic-Nanoscale Synergy.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42555164.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.74475.
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Abstract
Achieving superior energy storage in antiferroelectric ceramics is limited by a fundamental compromise: realxor behavior comes at the cost of sacrificing polarization strength. This directly leads to a mutually restrictive balance between recoverable energy density (W<sub>rec</sub>) and energy storage efficiency (η). To overcome this, we develop a Bi-induced local bonding modulation strategy in Pb<sub>0.92-1.5</sub> <sub>x</sub>Sr<sub>0.08</sub>Bi<sub>x</sub>Zr<sub>0.49</sub>Sn<sub>0.5</sub>Ti<sub>0.01</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramics that simultaneously strengthens the AFE framework and refines polarization response. This approach elevates both the breakdown strength and the AFE-FE transition field, allowing the material to withstand higher electric fields and release greater stored energy. The optimized composition achieves a record-high W<sub>rec</sub> of 15.6 J cm<sup>-3</sup> with ∼90% efficiency under 600 kV cm<sup>-1</sup>, alongside ultrafast discharge (t<sub>0.9</sub> ∼64.5 ns) and excellent thermal/frequency stability. Atomic-scale characterization reveals a coexistence of robust long-range AFE order and local polar heterogeneity, which collectively smooths the field-induced transition path and suppresses early breakdown. This work provides a generalizable design principle for dielectric capacitors by strategically decoupling polarization enhancement from relaxor behavior, paving the way for high-energy, high-efficiency pulsed-power systems.