Anisotropic variable negative-Poisson-ratio metamaterials for tunable multispectral camouflage and electromagnetic energy harvesting.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42555709.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aef7205.
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Abstract
Adaptive electromagnetic compatibility, camouflage, and energy conversion raises challenge in the swiftly responsive modulation. Herein, we designed pixelated negative-Poisson-ratio metamaterials that enable fast control over structural anisotropy and thus electromagnetic properties. One-dimensional conductors are highly oriented in each pixel through sequential shear, stretch, and alignment processes. The uniaxial anisotropy leads to the highest conductive ratio of 2.8 × 10<sup>6</sup> among different directions. This enables the angle-dependent electromagnetic compatibility across transparency-absorption-shielding regions. The meta-framework realizes strain-reliant anisotropic tunability. The deformation continuously adjusts electromagnetic wave absorbance from 0.2 to 0.9 (reflection loss from -0.8 to -17 decibels). Through chess-like assembly, the framework can also maintain deformation-insensitive absorbance beyond 0.9. The proof-of-concept devices harvest environmental electromagnetic energy to electricity. The generator outputs more than 0.5 volts and the cell generate a peak power of 0.75 milliwatt. Besides, the devices demonstrate tunable camouflage in microwave, infrared, and visible spectra.