Multimodal smart suture for dynamic postoperative wound monitoring.

Xiao, Yang; Gao, Xingyu; Sun, Tingting; Jiang, Jiasheng; Lu, Jing; Zhu, Chengbin; Zhang, Jiaxi; Sun, Yang et al. · Bioact Mater · 2026

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Postoperative wound management remains challenging, owing to the lack of tools for continuous, localized, and quantitative assessment of wound inflammation. To address this limitation, we advance a device-level integration strategy that enables localized multimodal monitoring within a suturable platform. We develop a multifunctional smart suture by engineering a metal-organic framework (MOF) layer onto a conductive thermoelectric (TE) fiber. This unique structure integrates bifunctional electrochemical and thermoelectric sensing on a single platform for real-time monitoring of wound healing dynamics. The precise deposition of metal organic framework layer is fabricated via atomic layer deposition, which provides a highly active interface for sensitive detection of physiologically relevant hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). This method features ultra-high sensitivity (8450 μA mM<sup>-1</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>) and a low detection limit (77.44 nM). Meanwhile, the TE fiber enables accurate local temperature monitoring with a sensitivity of 76.60 μV K<sup>-1</sup>. The smart suture retains sufficient mechanical strength and supports biocompatibility and stable sensing performance for surgical suturing. By fusing multimodal sensing outputs with machine learning-assisted analysis, the system enables classification of inflammation-related states. Evaluated in rat wound models, the suture demonstrates the capability to monitor changes in local inflammatory responses under experimental conditions, highlighting its potential for advanced wound monitoring.