A full-range sweat rate sensor with superhydrophobic heterophase shunt for psychology, skin health and body dehydration evaluating.

Abstract

Sweat secretion provides insights into physiological and psychological states. However, the current single detection method is not compatible with the simultaneous monitoring of gaseous and liquid sweat, which restricts its application for exploring dynamic physiological processes. Herein, a fully integrated sweat sensor with a heterophase shunt for full-range sweat rate monitoring is reported. Through non-interfering integration of epidermal microfluidic conductivity sensing and humidity detection, continuous measurement across 0.182 ∼ 10 μL/(min·cm²) is achieved. The LiCl-doped UiO-66-NH₂ enables a highly sensitive and fast-responding humidity sensor. The biomimetic heterophase shunt, composed of a polydimethylsiloxane and polymethyl methacrylate co-electrospun membrane, exhibits superhydrophobicity (151.9°), gas-permeable [58.07 g/(H·m²)], and water pressure tolerance (1.1 kPa). Heterophase shunt effectively integrates sweat detection modes while providing protection for humidity sensor against sweat corrosion and skin contact-induced damage. Integrated with a specialized weak-signal processing module, the sensor allows applications in psychology, skin health and body dehydration evaluating.