Tuberculosis.
Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42704895.
- Also identified by DOI 10.7326/ANNALS-26-03002.
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Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infection-related mortality in the world, and cases in the United States are increasing. Prompt diagnosis, isolation, and treatment improve patient outcomes and reduce onward transmission. Screening of contacts and high-risk persons for asymptomatic TB infection and treatment of those testing positive reduces progression to disease. TB disease should be suspected in persons with compatible symptoms, risk factors, and consistent imaging. Microbiological confirmation requires an acid-fast smear, nucleic acid amplification test, and culture. Treatment, guided by drug sensitivity testing, requires multiple antibiotics given for 4 to 9 months and monitoring for drug toxicity and clinical response.