Red blood cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticle interface for enhanced endothelialization and vascular healing.

Abstract

Device-related thrombosis and delayed endothelial coverage remain major challenges limiting the long-term safety of transcatheter occlusion devices. Here, we report an artificial cell-inspired interface constructed via ultrasound-driven red blood cell (RBC)-membrane-mimetic particles, forming a stable and tissue-engineered membrane layer on the occluder surface. This nanocoating exhibits strong interfacial adhesion and sustained mechanical stability under dynamic physiological conditions. The biomimetic membrane enhances endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation while reducing inflammatory cell recruitment and foreign body giant cell formation. In vivo evaluation combined with transcriptomic profiling demonstrates activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, leading to accelerated endothelialization and attenuation of fibrotic remodeling. Collectively, this multifunctional coating strategy provides a promising platform for improving hemocompatibility, biointegration, and long-term performance of transcatheter occlusion devices.