Fetal fibronectin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein are useful in establishing prognostic subcategories of idiopathic preterm labor.

Abstract

Our purpose was to evaluate fetal fibronectin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein from patients with preterm labor to establish prognostic subcategories. Thirty-seven patients with preterm labor had cervical fetal fibronectin and plasma C-reactive protein sampled. Eighteen of these patients had amniotic fluid interleukin-6 levels measured. Outcome variables were (1) delivery before 34 weeks and (2) delivery within 48 hours. Detectable cervical fetal fibronectin identified 89% of patients who were delivered before 34 weeks' gestation. Interleukin-6 > 1500 pg/ml identified 88% of patients who were delivered within 48 hours. C-reactive protein > 1.5 mg/dl correlated with elevated interleukin-6 levels (p < 0.001). Three subcategories of idiopathic preterm labor were evident: (1) fetal fibronectin nondetectable (37% likely to be delivered before 34 weeks), (2) fetal fibronectin detectable but interleukin-6 < 1500 pg/ml (79% likely to be delivered before 34 weeks but 85% with > 48 hours' latency), and (3) fetal fibronectin present and interleukin-6 > 1500 pg/ml (91% likely to be delivered with < 48 hours' latency).