The 1p deletion is not a reliable marker for the prognosis of patients with neuroblastoma.

Abstract

Human neuroblastoma cells often have deletions of the distal short arm of chromosome 1 (1p). Earlier studies using chromosome analysis had suggested that the 1p deletion is correlated with a poor survival chance for the patient. We have reevaluated this possibility by analyzing 51 neuroblastomas for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 1p. We detected LOH in 32% of the cases. LOH did not correlate with the age of the patients at diagnosis or with tumor stage but was correlated significantly with amplification of the MYCN proto-oncogene. Nine of 10 MYCN-amplified tumors had deletions in 1p (P < 0.001). Survival chances of patients with tumors carrying MYCN amplification together with the deletion at 1p were decreased significantly (eight of nine affected patients died) compared with a patient group without any of these aberrations (P < 0.001). However, the deletion of 1p alone without MYCN amplification was not associated with a poor outcome compared with patients who had neither deletion nor amplification (only two of eight affected patients died; P = 0.803). From these data we conclude that 1p deletions are not reliable markers to determine a patient's prognosis. They may, however, identify a subgroup of neuroblastomas in which MYCN is amplified readily, resulting in rapid tumor progression.