Brain abscess: with special reference to otolaryngologic sources of infection.

Abstract

The number of brain abscesses has been reduced since the preantibiotic era. This was accomplished by judicious use of antibiotics, by the advent of computed tomography, and by improvements in patient care and surgical techniques. Analysis from 122 patients with brain abscess demonstrated this trend of progress. Our series had a 3.2-to-1 male predominance. The underlying conditions included otolaryngologic infections (26 cases), cyanotic heart diseases (27 cases), implantation abscess (25 cases), lung infections (5 cases), meningitis (4 cases), osteomyelitis (2 cases), decreased immunity from chronic systemic diseases (12 cases), and unknown causes (21 cases). Otolaryngologic subgroups can be detailed as chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma (15 cases), chronic otitis media with mastoiditis (4 cases), sinusitis (2 cases), esophageal stenosis (3 cases), cheek cellulitis (1 case), and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (1 case). The initial symptoms and signs were headache (46 cases), fever (36 cases), altered consciousness (30 cases), neurologic deficits (33 cases), vomiting (11 cases), and seizure (17 cases). Of the brain abscesses treated, multiple brain abscess represented 16.4% of all cases. The overall percentage of patients with full recovery was 52.5%, whereas 84.8% of otolaryngologic subgroup recovered fully. The overall mortality was 19.7%. The mortality rate of brain abscess from otolaryngologic sources was 3.8%, whereas that from nonotolaryngologic sources was 24%.