Gynaecological care for women with intellectual disability.

Abstract

Optimal gynaecological care for women with intellectual disability is complex. Many of these women suffer unique problems with regard to menstrual hygiene, sexuality, contraception and susceptibility to sexual abuse. Complex medical, ethical, social and legal issues must be carefully considered to address these problems. We discuss the "gynaecological" management of intellectually disabled women, with particular reference to contraception and menstrual suppression. We advocate endometrial ablation as an alternative to hysterectomy for women with intractable menstrual problems. Some ethical issues are reviewed which must be addressed to determine which approach is in the patient's "best interest" and adopts the "least restrictive option". Finally, we present Federal and State laws governing informed consent for medical procedures for women and children with intellectual disabilities.