von Willebrand's disease and plastic surgery.

Abstract

Von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is the most commonly inherited coagulopathy. In a group of 1,000 plastic surgery patients, 8 or 9 individuals are affected by this disease, making basic knowledge of VWD and its management imperative. In this investigation, 1,000 plastic surgery patients were studied for details of their clinical evaluation, history of bleeding and bruising, and excessive bleeding during or after surgery. If the patient reported a history of easy bleeding or bruising, in addition to routine coagulation studies such as PT, PTT, and platelet count, the bleeding time was measured. When the index of suspicion dictated, more extensive coagulation studies, such as factor VIII assay, were conducted. This resulted in the detection of VWD in 9 patients (8 female and 1 male). All patients had a positive history of easy bleeding or bruising. Six of the 9 patients had a bleeding time greater than 6 minutes. Seven patients were diagnosed to have VWD type I, 1 had type II-a, and 1 suffered from type II-b disease. Perioperative bleeding was controlled in all patients in this study with the administration of 0.3 microgram/kg of body weight (usually a total dose of 20 micrograms) of 1-deamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin intravenously every 12 hours for the first 24 hours. Two patients with type II VWD required fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate 1 week subsequent to surgery to control late bleeding.