Intraarticular abnormalities in association with posterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Abstract

The effect of an isolated injury of the posterior cruciate ligament on the articular cartilage and menisci has not been extensively studied. Intraarticular abnormalities in 88 arthroscopically proven posterior cruciate ligament tears in symptomatic patients with straight unidirectional posterior instability were reviewed. There were 33 patients with acute injuries (range, 3 to 21 days; mean, 14) and 55 patients with chronic tears (range, 28 to 3650 days; mean, 786). Of the acute injuries, chondral defects occurred in 4 patients (12%) and meniscal tears in 9 patients (27%; 6 lateral and 3 medial). Chondral defects of both the lateral femoral condyles and patella were present in all 4 patients. Of the chronic injuries, chondral defects occurred in 27 (49%) and meniscal tears in 20 patients (36%) (7 lateral and 17 medial). Chondral defects of the medial femoral condyle were most common. The mechanism of injury resulting in an isolated injury of the posterior cruciate ligament is most likely to affect the lateral compartment or the articular cartilage of the patella. The incidence of articular defects and the incidence of meniscal tears increased in patients with chronic posterior cruciate ligament injuries; both lesions increased most in the medial compartment.