How much "significance" is significant? The transition from animal models to human trials in resuscitation research.

Abstract

Animal models of resuscitation must be analyzed carefully before applying any interventions to human resuscitation. In addition to statistical concerns, the investigator must assess the clinical significance of the animal experience with an intervention. No single species is perfect, and the researcher must be aware of the major differences in primate, swine, canine, and rodent models. Interventions useful across species are more likely to be beneficial than those useful in one isolated species. After evaluating the animals used, the design in a series of animal experiments should be clinically applicable and the results reproducible. Finally, both process and outcome variables should be evaluated and improved in animal models before applying a new intervention to clinical care.