Factors affecting gay and bisexual men's decisions and intentions to seek HIV testing.

Abstract

This paper describes the relationships of sociodemographic, attitudinal, and behavioral variables to (1) decision to be tested, (2) expressed intention to be tested, and (3) reasons for not being tested for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. A sample of 1295 men completed an anonymous questionnaire in gay-identified venues. Factor analysis was used to group reasons for not being tested and logistic and multiple linear regression were used to model the dependent variables. Fifty-three percent of the respondents had been tested, of whom 26% tested positive. Metropolitan residence and anal intercourse most strongly correlated with previous test-seeking. Previous test experience correlated most strongly with intention to be tested. Reasons for not being tested fell into three groups: (1) desire for anonymity, (2) self-perceived health, and (3) no benefit and denial. The odds were lower for gay men than bisexuals and men who did not participate in anal intercourse to express a desire for anonymity. Public health agencies should be prepared to individualize testing policies and education to deal with specific concerns and fears. Improving access to the test by removing some of the current psychological and physical barriers will enhance its medical and public health value.