Does selective decontamination of the digestive tract reduce mortality for severely ill patients?

Abstract

To investigate the relationship between baseline risk of death and reduced mortality after selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care unit patients. Analysis of data from a meta-analysis of 23 randomized, controlled trials. A total of 4,142 adult intensive care unit patients from the 23 trials. Mortality for patients receiving selective decontamination of the digestive tract treatment was analyzed as a function of baseline risk of death at study entry, using weighted least squares regression across all 23 trials. In testing whether the slope of the regression is different than 1.0, the observed t value is 3.32 (p < .004), suggesting that the efficacy of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in reducing mortality is significantly better in populations at high mortality risk at study entry. Mortality reduction from selective decontamination of the digestive tract appears related to the mortality risk of patients at the time of study entry. Future trials should consider using baseline risk assessment as part of trial design and outcome analysis.