Ordering and interpreting DNA tests.

Abstract

DNA testing has become relatively common during the past few years. All humans have an estimated five to eight mutated genes and are at risk for a genetic disorder. Recognition of these facts and development of DNA technology have created substantial interest in DNA testing as a diagnostic and management tool. As with any emerging technology, the applications and limitations must be understood in order to use the new tests wisely. In this review, the basic molecular diagnostic techniques are discussed. In addition, the emerging ethical debate surrounding the use of this new technology is summarized. Caution is necessary when DNA tests are being used, especially in presymptomatic situations.