Immune hyperactivation of HIV-1-infected T cells mediated by Tat and the CD28 pathway.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 9045614.
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Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection is characterized by a chronic state of immune hyperactivation in patients. Infection of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with HIV-1 in vitro resulted in increased interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion in response to T cell activation via the CD3 and CD28 receptors. Expression of the HIV-1 transactivator Tat recapitulated this phenotype and was associated with increased IL-2 secretion in response to costimulation with CD3 plus CD28. IL-2 superinduction by Tat occurred at the transcriptional level, was mediated by the CD28-responsive element in the IL-2 promoter, and was exclusively dependent on the 29 amino acids encoded by the second exon of Tat.
Medical subject headings
- CD28 Antigens
- Gene Products, tat
- HIV-1
- Interleukin-2
- Lymphocyte Activation
- T-Lymphocytes