The exercise test as a component of the total fitness evaluation.

Abstract

In this article, physical fitness has been defined as a dynamic state of energy and vitality that enables one to carry out daily tasks, to engage in active leisure-time pursuits, and to meet unforeseen emergencies without undue fatigue. In addition, physically fit individuals are described as being at low risk for hypokinetic diseases and being more able to function at the peak of intellectual capacity while experiencing "joie de vivre." The measurable elements of physical fitness have been categorized into two groups: skill-related fitness and health-related fitness. The former category includes agility, balance, coordination, speed, power, and reaction time. The latter includes cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, and musculoskeletal fitness, which incorporates flexibility, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. It is highly recommended that clinicians provide comprehensive fitness testing for their patients because of the well-established health-related benefits that are related to each component.