Evaluation of a training program for persons with SCI paraplegia using the Parastep 1 ambulation system: part 3. Lack of effect on bone mineral density.

Abstract

To determine if the bone mineral density loss seen after spinal cord injury (SCI) is reversed by a walking program using the Parastep 1 system. Before-after trial. Human SCI applied research laboratory. Thirteen men and 3 women with thoracic motor- and sensory-complete SCI, mean age 28.8yrs, mean duration postinjury 3.8yrs. Thirty-two functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) ambulation training sessions using a commercially available system (Parastep 1). This system consists of a microprocessor-controlled stimulator and a modified walking frame with finger-operated switches that permit the user to control the stimulation parameters and activate the stepping. Bone mineral density at the femoral head, neck, and Ward's triangle measured using a Lunar DP3 dual-photon densitometer. No significant change in bone mineral density was found using repeated measures analyses of variance. Axial loading combined with muscle stimulation and resistive exercise does not result in significant changes in bone mineral density in persons with complete paraplegia.