Accelerated lofexidine treatment regimen compared with conventional lofexidine and methadone treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification.

Abstract

This open study compares an accelerated 5-day lofexidine regimen with orthodox 10-day lofexidine and methadone regimens in the treatment of opiate withdrawal in 61 polysubstance abusing opiate addicts. Significant differences in levels of withdrawal symptoms were found on days 11, 13-15 and 17-20, symptoms resolving most rapidly in the 5-day lofexidine treatment group, whilst withdrawal responses in the 10-day lofexidine treatment group were intermediate between the 5-day lofexidine and standard methadone treatment conditions. When the two lofexidine regimens were separately compared with methadone the 5-day lofexidine treatment was significantly more effective on day 10, 11 and 13-20, whilst the 10-day lofexidine treatment was not significantly different from methadone. There were no significant differences in rates of completion of detoxification between the three treatments. Both the lofexidine treatment regimens had a similar effect on blood pressure. Five patients experienced side effects which resolved with dose reduction, all remaining in the study. An accelerated 5-day lofexidine regimen may attenuate opiate withdrawal symptoms more rapidly than conventional 10-day lofexidine or methadone treatment schedules without exacerbating hypotensive side effects.