Randomised double-blind comparison of lofexidine and clonidine in the out-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal.

Abstract

This study compares the clinical response to lofexidine and clonidine in the out-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal in 50 opiate addicts, using a randomised double-blind study design. Patients were taking 40 mg or less methadone daily, or equivalent amounts of other opiates. Fifty-eight percent of those starting treatment completed detoxification, and were opiate free at 4 weeks: more patients completed withdrawal in the lofexidine group, but the difference was not significant. Clonidine produced more hypotensive effects: more home visits were also required by medical staff. There was no other significant difference in side effects. Both drugs can be used successfully in out-patient detoxification, but lofexidine is more economical in regard to staff time.